Ubwiza Bwiza bubiri Tube Urupapuro rushyushye

Ni izihe nyungu n'ibibi bya shell hamwe na tube ihinduranya ubushyuhe?

Igikonoshwa hamwe nigituba (STHE), kimwe mubikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mu guhanahana ubushyuhe mu nganda zikoreshwa mu nganda, hagaragaramo uburyo bubiri - bwo gutembera bwagenewe byombi "uruhande rwigikonoshwa" (aho amazi atemba hagati yigikonoshwa na bundle) hamwe n "" uruhande rw'umuyoboro "(aho amazi atemba muri bundle). Mugihe ibyiza byibanze biri muburyo butajegajega, guhuza n'imihindagurikire, no kwizerwa, imbogamizi zimwe zirahari kubera imiterere. Iri sesengura rizasuzuma izo mbaraga nintege nke muburyo burambuye, hamwe nibisobanuro byihariye byerekana imipaka ikora:

Ibyiza byo guhanahana ubushyuhe hamwe nigituba biterwa nuburyo bukomeye bwubatswe hamwe nuburyo bukuze bwo gukora, cyane cyane bikwiranye numuvuduko mwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi, umuvuduko munini nibindi bikorwa bikaze, bishobora kuvugwa muri make nkingingo 5:

1. Umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe no kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi, imiterere ihamye

Igikonoshwa cyubwoko bwa shell (mubisanzwe ibyuma bya karubone, ibyuma bitagira umwanda cyangwa ibikoresho bivanze) hamwe numuyoboro wo guhanahana ubushyuhe (nkumuyoboro wicyuma udafite icyuma, umuyoboro wicyuma udafite ingese) wakozwe nurukuta rwinshi, rushobora kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi wakazi (kugeza kuri 30MPa) hamwe nubushyuhe bwagutse (-200 dogere ~ 1000 dogere), kandi ntabwo byoroshye guhinduka kubera ihindagurika ryumuvuduko cyangwa ubushyuhe bwumuriro.

Kurugero, mubijyanye ninganda zikomoka kuri peteroli, guhindagura ubushyuhe hamwe nigituba gikoreshwa mumashanyarazi ya catalitike irashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hejuru ya dogere 400 hamwe nigitutu kiri hejuru ya 10MPa mugihe kirekire, kandi igipimo cyo kunanirwa gukora kiri munsi yubundi bwoko bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe (nko guhinduranya ubushyuhe bwa plaque).

2. Gutunganya ibintu binini, bikwiranye ninganda zikenewe

Umuyoboro wa tube urashobora gushushanywa nk "inzira nyinshi - inzira" (nka 2-inzira, 4-inzira), kandi igikonoshwa gishobora guhindura ikwirakwizwa ryamazi binyuze mumasahani. Agace kohererezanya ubushyuhe bwibikoresho bimwe karashobora kugera kuri metero kare ibihumbi, bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa byo kohereza ubushyuhe bwamazi manini (nka kondenseri mu rugomero rwamashanyarazi no guhanahana amazi akonje muri sisitemu nini yo gukonjesha).

Kugereranya: guhinduranya ubushyuhe bwa plaque bigarukira kubice bya plaque, ubuso ntarengwa bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe bwikintu kimwe mubusanzwe ntiburenga 1000㎡, mugihe igikonyo nigituba gishobora gucamo bitagoranye 5000㎡, bikaba bikwiranye ninganda nini - nini yinganda nkinganda zikora inganda n’amashanyarazi.

3. Guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'amazi ni ngari, bihujwe n'ibitangazamakuru bigoye

Irashobora gukoreshwa mugukemura neza cyane, uduce duto duto kandi byoroshye gupima amazi (bigomba guhuzwa nigishushanyo kidasanzwe, nka tari nini nini yo guhanahana ubushyuhe bwa diameter, anti - gufunga baffle):

Ku mazi ya viscous (nk'amavuta ya peteroli, amavuta yo gusiga), uruhande rw'igikonoshwa rushobora guca imipaka y'amazi kandi bikagabanya kugumana;

Ku mazi arimo uduce duto duto duto (nka pulp, amazi y’imyanda), urashobora guhitamo umuyoboro muto wa mm 25mm cyangwa irenga kugirango wirinde guhagarara;

Guhindura ubushyuhe bwa plaque biroroshye guhagarikwa nuduce cyangwa amazi ya viscous kubera itandukaniro rito riri hagati yisahani (ubusanzwe 2 ~ 5mm), kandi imihindagurikire yayo iri hasi cyane ugereranije nigikonoshwa nigituba.

4. Ibiciro byo kubungabunga bike kandi byoroshye kubungabunga

Amashanyarazi menshi hamwe noguhindura ubushyuhe (nkubwoko bwumutwe ureremba, U {{0} type ubwoko bwigituba) burashobora gukurwamo burundu, kugirango umuyoboro nigikonoshwa bisukurwe muburyo bwa mashini (nko guhanagura amazi yindege -) cyangwa gusimbuza ibyuma byangiza ubushyuhe byangiritse, utabanje gusenya ibikoresho byose;

Kurugero, gukonjesha uruganda rukora imiti bikomeza buri mezi atandatu. Igikonoshwa cyumutwe kireremba gikenera iminsi 1-2 gusa kugirango urangize kuvoma bundle, gusukura no gusubiramo, mugihe icyuma gipima ubushyuhe gikeneye gusenya amasahani amagana, kandi ukwezi kubitaho ni iminsi 3-5.

5. Ibikorwa byo gukura bikuze nigiciro gishobora kugenzurwa

Ibice byingenzi bigize shell na tube (shell, tube bundle, sheet tube) nibisanzwe bitunganijwe, ntibikenewe kubumba bigoye, kandi guhitamo ibikoresho biroroshye (ibyuma bya karubone, ibyuma bitagira umwanda, titanium alloy, nibindi), ukurikije uko akazi gahuye nigiciro kinini -;

Kugereranya: guhinduranya ubushyuhe bworoshye (nka plaque spiral, plaque plaque) mubusanzwe biri hejuru ya 20% ~ 50% mugiciro cyinganda ugereranije nigikonoshwa nigishishwa cyoguhindura ubushyuhe hamwe nubuso bumwe bwoherejwe nubushyuhe bitewe nuburyo bugoye hamwe nurwego rwo hejuru rwabigenewe.

Ingaruka z'igikonoshwa n'igituba biterwa n'ibiranga "non - itembera rimwe ry'amazi ya shell" na "imiterere isa naho idakabije", bifite inenge zigaragara muri ssenariyo hamwe nibisabwa cyane kubijyanye no guhererekanya ubushyuhe no gukoresha umwanya. By'umwihariko, irashobora kuvugwa muri make nk'ingingo 4:

1. Gukoresha ubushyuhe buke no gukoresha ingufu nyinshi

Igikonoshwa cyuruhande rwibishishwa cyahagaritswe na baffle, byoroshye gukora "zone yapfuye" (ahantu hagumijwe gufata amazi), kandi umuvuduko wogusohoka mubisanzwe uri munsi yuruhande rwigituba (muri rusange 0.5 ~ 2m / s), bikavamo coefficente yohereza ubushyuhe buke kuruhande rwigikonoshwa (mugihe amazi - ihererekanyabubasha ryamazi ari hafi 1000 ~ 3000 W / (m² · dogere);

Kugereranya: guhinduranya ubushyuhe bwa plaque kubera ko amazi ari hagati yisahani arumuvurungano (umuvuduko wogutemba 1 ~ 3m / s), coefficient de transfert yubushyuhe irashobora kugera kuri 3000 ~ 6000 W / (m² · dogere), mugihe kimwe cyo guhanahana ubushyuhe, ibishishwa hamwe ningufu zikoreshwa ni 15% ~ 30% hejuru yisahani.

2. Ingano nini no gukoresha umwanya muto

Bitewe nubushobozi buke bwo kohereza ubushyuhe, kugirango tugere ku ngaruka zimwe zo guhanahana ubushyuhe, shell na tube bikenera ahantu hanini ho guhanahana ubushyuhe, bikavamo ubwinshi bwibikoresho nuburemere burenze cyane ibyo guhinduranya ubushyuhe;

Kurugero, kugirango ugere ku bushyuhe bwo kohereza ubushyuhe bwa 1000kW, ingano ya shell na tube igera kuri 20 ~ 30m³, mugihe isahani ikenera 5 ~ 8m³ gusa, bityo igikonyo nigituba ntibikwiriye kumwanya muto (nkicyumba gisukuye cya farumasi, sisitemu yo guhanahana ubushyuhe).

3. Gusukura ibishishwa biragoye kandi byoroshye kuzamura imikorere

Nubwo umuyoboro wa tube ushobora gukurwamo, biragoye koza neza imbere imbere yikibabi (cyane cyane ikinyuranyo hagati ya baffle nigikonoshwa, n'umwanya muto uri hagati yimigozi). Niba amazi yoroshye gupima (nk'amazi akomeye n'umwanda - arimo amazi yatunganijwe) atunganijwe, igipimo cyo gupima mugikonoshwa kizaba cyinshi kandi uburyo bwo guhererekanya ubushyuhe buzagabanuka (uburyo bwo guhererekanya ubushyuhe buzagabanukaho 10% ~ 15% kuri buri 1mm kwiyongera k'ubunini bwo gupima);

Kugereranya: ibintu byose - byahinduwe byo guhinduranya ubushyuhe ntibishobora kugera ku mwanya wapfuye wogusukura muri shell ukoresheje sisitemu ya CIP (gusukura kumurongo), kandi ikibazo cyo gupima ni gito cyane ugereranije nubwoko bwa shell tube.

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Muburyo buteganijwe bwurupapuro rwigikonoshwa nubwoko bwubwoko (ubwoko bworoshye bwimiterere), urupapuro rwigitereko ruhujwe cyane nigikonoshwa. Niba itandukaniro ryubushyuhe hagati yimyanda nigitemba ari kinini cyane (nka dogere zirenga 50), igikonoshwa kizabyara ubushyuhe bwumuriro bitewe nuburinganire butandukanye bwo kwagura amashyanyarazi, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma habaho ihinduka ryurupapuro rwimiyoboro cyangwa kumeneka kwubushyuhe, bityo rero birakenewe gushiraho "kwaguka" kugirango indishyi;

Nubwo ubwoko bwumutwe ureremba hamwe nubwoko bwa U - burashobora gukemura ikibazo cyindishyi zumuriro, imiterere iraruhije (igiciro cyiyongera 15% ~ 20%), kandi gusukura inzira yigituba cyubwoko bwa U - biragoye (uruhande rwimbere rwumuyoboro U - ntushobora gukoraho).

Guhindura ubushyuhe hamwe nigituba ntabwo "byose - ibikoresho bigamije", guhitamo kwayo bigomba guhuzwa nibikorwa byakazi:

Selection Ibyingenzi byatoranijwe:umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru (nka peteroli yubushyuhe bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe), gutemba kwinshi (nka condenser yinganda zamashanyarazi), uduce / amazi menshi ya viscosity fluid (nka pulp gukonjesha), ibintu byinganda bifite ibyangombwa byo kubungabunga byoroshye;

Hitamo ibyabaye witonze:umwanya muto (nk'amahugurwa asukuye), ibisabwa byo gukoresha ingufu nkeya (nko gushyushya abaturage), byoroshye gupima no gukora isuku kenshi (nk'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa bisembuye) (ibyapa bisabwa cyane, isahani izenguruka hamwe nubundi buryo bwo guhinduranya ubushyuhe).

Muri make, guhanahana ubushyuhe hamwe nigituba "abakinyi bizewe" murwego rwinganda kandi ntibisimburwa mubikorwa bigoye kandi bikaze, ariko bakeneye guha ibikoresho ibikoresho byiza byo guhanahana ubushyuhe muburyo bwo gukora neza no guhuzagurika.

Ibirangantego: ubuziranenge bwiza bubiri bwimpapuro zoguhindura ubushyuhe, Ubushinwa bwiza bwiza bubiri bubiri bwimpapuro zoguhindura ibicuruzwa, abatanga ibicuruzwa, uruganda