Kwiyongera kwa B50 ya Indoneziya ya Indoneziya: Impamvu abahinduranya ubushyuhe bwa plaque ya spiral bahinduka ibikoresho byingenzi munganda zamavuta yintoki n’ibimera bya Biodiesel
Amakuru ya vuba yerekana ko hamwe n’iterambere rya politiki ya biodiesel ya B50 ya Indoneziya, guverinoma irateganya kugabanya buhoro buhoro kandi amaherezo igahagarika ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga.
Kubantu benshi, ibi birashobora kuba ikindi gice cyamakuru yinganda zingufu. Nyamara, kubakora mumavuta yintoki, biodiesel, nibikoresho byinganda, ibi byerekana amahirwe mashya nibibazo murwego rwo gutanga isoko.
Nka peteroli nini cyane ku isi, Indoneziya iratera imbere cyane politiki ya B50. Muri iyi politiki, buri litiro 100 ya mazutu izaba irimo litiro 50 zamavuta yintoki - zishingiye kuri biodiesel. Kugira ngo isoko ryiyongere ku isoko, kongera amavuta y’amamesa bizakomeza gutunganyirizwa mu mavuta acide methyl esters (FAME), biodiesel, glycerine, n’ibindi bicuruzwa byo hasi.
Inyuma ya buri kwagura ubushobozi, mubisanzwe harakenewe ibikenewe byo kuzamura ibikoresho.
Mu myaka mike ishize, twakoranye ninganda nyinshi zamavuta yintoki, ibihingwa bya biodiesel, hamwe ninganda za oleochemiki. Abakiriya benshi bahura nibibazo bisa: ibikoresho bikora neza mugice cyambere, ariko igihe kirenze, uburyo bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe bugabanuka buhoro buhoro; isuku inshuro ziyongera; amafaranga yo kubungabunga komeza uzamuke.
Intandaro akenshi iba iri mubiranga uburyo ubwabwo.
Amavuta yintoki nibiyakomokaho mubusanzwe afite ubukonje bwinshi kandi bikunda kubikwa. Haba gutunganya FAME, biodiesel, cyangwa glycerine, kubeshya bikunda gukurikiza ubushyuhe bwo kohereza ubushyuhe.
Igice gisa nkigifite agaciro kibi gishobora kugabanya cyane uburyo bwo kohereza ubushyuhe, kongera ingufu, ndetse bikagira ingaruka kumikorere ihamye yumurongo wose.
Usibye kubeshya, aside irike yubusa (FFA) mumavuta yintoki irerekana ikindi kibazo gikomeye kubihingwa byinshi.
Mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru -, FFA ikomeza kwangiza ibikoresho. Guhindura ubushyuhe bwinshi bukozwe mubyuma bisanzwe 304 bidafite ingese biteza imbere gutobora, kumeneka, cyangwa kunanirwa imburagihe nyuma yimyaka mike ikora.
Kubwibyo, kumavuta yintoki ninganda za biodiesel, ibisabwa mubikoresho byo guhanahana ubushyuhe birenze kure kohereza ubushyuhe gusa.
Uyu munsi, ibigo byibanda ku ngingo z'ingenzi zikurikira:
- Kurwanya ubushobozi -
- Kurwanya ruswa
- Birebire - ijambo rihamye
- Amafaranga yo kubungabunga make
Mu myaka yashize, amasosiyete menshi y’amavuta yintoki yatangiye re - gusuzuma ibipimo byo guhitamo ubushyuhe.
Ugereranije no guhanahana ubushyuhe busanzwe, guhinduranya ubushyuhe bwa plaque bitanga inyungu zisobanutse mugihe ukoresha - ubukonje bwinshi, kubeshya - itangazamakuru rikunda. Imiterere yabo imwe - imiterere numuyoboro uhoraho utuje bigabanya neza uturere twapfuye kandi bikagabanya ubushobozi bwo kubitsa. Byongeye kandi, ukoresheje ibyuma bitagira umwanda 316L hamwe n’ibikoresho byo hejuru - byangirika - ibikoresho byihanganira, bifatanije nuburyo bukuze bwo gutekesha no gusudira, bikwiranye nuburyo bugoye kandi busaba uburyo bwo gutunganya amavuta yintoki no gutunganya biodiesel.
Urebye iterambere ry’inganda, politiki ya B50 ya Indoneziya ntabwo itera gusa kwagura ubushobozi bwa biodiesel, ahubwo inazamura urwego rwose rw’agaciro rugana ku mikorere myiza, gukoresha ingufu nke, no kugabanya amafaranga yo gukora.
Mu myaka iri imbere, biteganijwe ko Aziya yepfo yepfo yepfo izabona urwego rushya rwo kuzamura ibikoresho hamwe na retrofits.
Nubwo guhinduranya ubushyuhe bidakunze kuba ibikoresho bihenze cyane kumurongo wibyakozwe, bigira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye gukoresha ingufu, gukora neza, hamwe nigihe kirekire -. Ku ruganda rutunganya amavuta yintoki nibihingwa bya biodiesel, kunoza uburyo bwo guhererekanya ubushyuhe, kugabanya inshuro zogusukura, no kongera ibikoresho bya serivisi ubuzima bizaba intego zingenzi.
Nka uruganda ruzobereye mu guhanahana ubushyuhe bwamavuta yintoki, oleochemiki, biodiesel, hamwe nubushyuhe bwimyanda, UKADA ikurikiranira hafi impinduka zamasoko kandi igahora ihindura ibisubizo byayo kugirango - ibishishwa byinshi, bitesha agaciro -, nibitangazamakuru byangiza.
Mu rwego rwo gushyigikira iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda za biodiesel zo mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya, UKADA ishimangira ubufatanye n’amasoko yo mu karere. Dutegereje kuzashyiraho ubufatanye burebure - hamwe n’amasezerano ya EPC, abahuza ibikoresho, abashoramari bo kubungabunga, hamwe n’abashoramari bo mu karere kugira ngo dufatanyirize hamwe uburyo bunoze bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe bujyanye n’imikorere ikorerwa hamwe n’ibisabwa n’umushinga, bigatuma agaciro gakomeye mu gutunganya amavuta y’amamesa, umusaruro wa biodiesel, n’imishinga yo kugarura imyanda.
Ku nganda zamavuta yintoki, icyiciro gikurikira cyamarushanwa ntigishobora kuba kijyanye gusa nubushobozi bwumusaruro, ahubwo kirenze kubijyanye no gukoresha ibikoresho, gukoresha ingufu, hamwe nigiciro rusange cyo gukora.
Umuntu wese ushobora gukoresha toni yubushyuhe neza azaba ahagaze neza kugirango abone inyungu zo guhatanira isoko ryigihe kizaza.
Ibihe bya B50 ya Indoneziya biregereje, kandi icyiciro gishya cyo kuzamura ikoranabuhanga no guhanga ibikoresho murwego rwamavuta yintoki bishobora kuba byatangiye gusa.
Twandikire:
Jamie
Imeri: jiangmingze@sz-ukada.com
Hamagara / WhatsApp: +86 15380230663
